What are Bow-legs? Bowlegs are a deformity around the knee in which the leg has deviated inwards with respect to the thigh. When a child with bowlegs stands with his or her feet together and toes pointed straight ahead, the knees do not touch. The medical term for bowlegs is “genu varum” (Figure 1). What …

‘Clubfoot’ (also called “Congenital Talipes Equinovarus” or “CTEV”) is a birth deformity in which a baby’s foot is twisted inwards and downwards. It is so-called because the shape of the foot resembles a golf club (Figure 1). It occurs in 1 in 1000 live birth.   Causes: In most cases, clubfoot is ‘idiopathic’, which means, …

Total knee replacement (TKR) surgery has become a commonly performed and highly successful surgical procedure for end-stage knee arthritis. Recent technological innovations have improved both early and long-term results and survivorship of the implanted joints. New implant designs have provided for a greater and more normal range of motion and a more natural feel. A …